Postfix
De WikiOpenTruc
Install
# apt-get install postfix Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: postfix-sqlite ssl-cert Suggested packages: procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql postfix-ldap postfix-pcre postfix-lmdb sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules dovecot-common resolvconf postfix-cdb mail-reader ufw postfix-doc openssl-blacklist The following NEW packages will be installed: postfix postfix-sqlite ssl-cert 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 1,776 kB of archives. After this operation, 4,442 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 ssl-cert all 1.0.39 [20.8 kB] Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 postfix-sqlite amd64 3.1.8-0+deb9u1 [318 kB] Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 postfix amd64 3.1.8-0+deb9u1 [1,437 kB] Fetched 1,776 kB in 0s (5,347 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously unselected package ssl-cert. (Reading database ... 37530 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../ssl-cert_1.0.39_all.deb ... Unpacking ssl-cert (1.0.39) ... Selecting previously unselected package postfix-sqlite. Preparing to unpack .../postfix-sqlite_3.1.8-0+deb9u1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking postfix-sqlite (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ... Selecting previously unselected package postfix. Preparing to unpack .../postfix_3.1.8-0+deb9u1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking postfix (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ... Setting up ssl-cert (1.0.39) ... Processing triggers for systemd (232-25+deb9u3) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ... Setting up postfix-sqlite (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ... grep: /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf: No such file or directory Adding sqlite map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Processing triggers for rsyslog (8.24.0-1) ... Setting up postfix (3.1.8-0+deb9u1) ... Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postfix.service → /lib/systemd/system/postfix.service. Adding group `postfix' (GID 113) ... Done. Adding system user `postfix' (UID 108) ... Adding new user `postfix' (UID 108) with group `postfix' ... Not creating home directory `/var/spool/postfix'. Adding group `postdrop' (GID 114) ... Done. setting myhostname: vps50xxxx setting alias maps setting alias database changing /etc/mailname to vps50xxxx setting myorigin setting destinations: $myhostname, xxx.ovh.net, localhost.ovh.net, , localhost setting relayhost: setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 setting mailbox_size_limit: 0 setting recipient_delimiter: + setting inet_interfaces: all setting inet_protocols: all /etc/aliases does not exist, creating it. WARNING: /etc/aliases exists, but does not have a root alias. Postfix (main.cf) is now set up with a default configuration. If you need to make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed. To view Postfix configuration values, see postconf(1). After modifying main.cf, be sure to run 'service postfix reload'. Running newaliases Processing triggers for systemd (232-25+deb9u3) ... Processing triggers for rsyslog (8.24.0-1) ...
Pour la configuration : j'ai sélectionné les propositions par défaut : internet site et nom de domaine inchangé
Paramètres
Il faut un peu la documentation. Pour une utilisation basique, il n'y a que 2 ou 3 paramètres à bien spécifier, mais si ce n'est pas le cas, il va y avoir des soucis, eg bounce.
Exemples
- Postfix ne propose pas la commande
mail - Postfix propose la commande
sendmail, mais par défaut, seulement pour root
sendmail user@domain.tld < fichier.txt
sendmail -v user@domain.tld < fichier.txt
echo "totototo" | sendmail user@domain.tld
sendmail user@domain.tld
demande de taper le texte avec CTRL-D ou bien un point tout seul sur une ligne pour stopper.
Résultats
Postfix stocke les mails entrants dans : /var/mail
Les mails undelivered vont se retrouver là.
Attention, en cas de mails automatiques, eg générés via cron, en peu de temps on peut se retrouver avec de gros fichiers.
Liens
- https://postfix.traduc.org/ doc fr
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